Mason Stains TO ORDER MASON STAINS CLICK HERE What is a Stain? A stain is essentially an oxide or series of oxides and opacifiers that have been blended together, calcined (or fired) then ground to approximately a 200-mesh powder.  Stains can be used to color glazes, slips and clay bodies.  They are fritted to insure color consistency from batch to batch. Most stains can be used at all firing temperatures, except tin-antimony-lead yellows and pinks, which fire only to cone 2.  Stains will remain reliable and consistent to cone 10 oxidation and vary in color depending on the medium into which they are mixed.  Mason Stain is one of the leading stain manufactures in the United States. Mile Hi Ceramics carries a wide array of Mason Stain colors.  The swatches in this table are as accurately represented as the internet display process will allow.    No.  Description  Composition Reference* Mason Stain  Composition Key AL Aluminum Oxide             Al2O3 B    Boric Acid                       B2O3 Ca  Calcium Carbonate          CaO Co  Cobalt Oxide                   CoO Cr  Chromium Oxide             Cr2O3 Fe   Iron Oxide                       Fe2O3 Mn Manganese Dioxide         MnO2 Ni   Nickel Oxide                    NiO Pb  Lead Oxide                       PbO Sb  Antimony Oxide              Pr6O11 Si   Silicon dioxide                  SiO2 Sn  Tin Oxide                         SnO2 Ti   Titanium Oxide                TiO2 V  Vanadium                           V2O5     Zn  Zinc Oxide                        ZnO Zr  Zirconium Dioxide            ZrO2 *Reference Can be used as a clay body stain in porcelain at high temperatures. All of the brown colors can be used as "body stains" but will vary in shade considerably depending on the composition of the clay body and temperatures at which it is fired. 1a. Use only as body stain. Firing temperatures can only be a rough guide. Firing to 2200°F on a slow schedule may give a maturing point equivalent to firing to 2300°F on a fast schedule.  The cycle, atmosphere, and rate of cooling will affect the color. 2. Maximum firing limit 2156°F (1180°C) 3. Maximum firing limit 2300°F (1260°C) 4. Maximum firing limit 1976°F (1080°C) Zinc oxide influences the color in a glaze more than any other element. Generally, zincless glazes should contain no magnesium oxide. Some colors containing zinc are to be used in a zincless glaze. The zinc in the color is in a combined form and will not harm the color, but free zinc oxide in the glaze can destroy the color. 5. Do not use zinc in glazes. 6. Use with or without zinc. 7. Zinc not necessary but gives better results. 8. Best with no zinc. Calcium oxide content as calcium carbonate should be between 12-15% for best color development. Adding the oxide with wollastonite, a natural calcium silicate, often gives better uniformity. The increased silica from the wollastonite must be subtracted or the glaze will have a poor surface. 9. Glaze must contain 6.7% to 8.4% CaO (12-15% CaCO3). 10. Use as a clay body stain only WARNING: WHILE MASON STAINS ARE SAFER THAN USING RAW OXIDES AS COLORANTS, THEY PRESENT HAZARDS IN THE RAW STATE AND MAY BE SUBJECT TO LEACHING IN THE FINISHED GLAZE, always test! Extender Information White Extenders are used to lighten all colors except pink (see pink extenders) and make them pastel. There are several white extenders. Some are better than others for certain stains. 6700 - A good extender for all colors except browns and pinks. The white extender lightens green and yellow well. It lightens cobalt blues, but produces a harsh color. 6768 - This extender was specifically formulated to lighten and soften the dark cobalt blue mason stains. It is not recommended for use as an extender with the other colors. Both White Extenders work by themselves as White Stains. Pink Extenders are used to lighten all the Chrome-Tin pink stains. 6067 - This extender was formulated to lighten all Chrome-Tin pink stains; specifically the Alpine Rose Stain 6001. 6001 - This “Alpine Rose” stain acts as a good extender for all of the other Chrome-Tin pink stains that are darker than itself. *Flux - Ferro Frit 3124 can be used as a flux to mix with the stains. 85 stain/15 flux is a good starting point for testing.       6000 Shell Pink Cr Sn 3,5,9 6001 Alpine Rose Cr Sn 3,5,9 6002 Rose Pink Cr Sn 3,5,9 6003 Crimson Cr Sn 3,5,9 6006 Deep Crimson Cr Sn 3,5,9 6008 Peach Cr Sn V 3,5,9 6009 Coral Cr SnV 3,5,9 6020 Manganese Alumina Pink Mn Al 1,3 6023 Clover Pink Zr V Cr Sn 3,5 6025 Coral Red Zr V Cr Sn  3,5 6026 Lobster Zr Cd 1,3,6 6027 Tangerine Zr Cd 1,3,6 6029 Persimmon Cr Al Fe Zn 3,8 6031 Deep Salmon Cr Sn Fe 3,5 6090 Coral Cr Sn V 3,5,9 6098 Flesh Cr SnV Zr  3,5,9 6101 Chestnut Cr Fe Zn Mn  3,6,7 6104 Fawn Zr V Cr Sn 3,6,7 6107 Dark Golden Cr Fe Zn Al  3,6,7 6109 Deep Brown Cr Fe Zn Al  3,6,7 6119 Russett Cr Fe Zn Ca Zr 3,6,7 6121 Saturn Orange Cr Fe Zn Al  3,6,7 6124 Chocolate Fe Zn Al Mn  3,6,7 6129 Golden Ambrosia Cr Fe Zn Al  3,6,7 6160 Dark Chocolate Cr Fe Zl Al Mn 6163 Terra Cotta Cr Fe Zn Al  3,6,7 6181   Sandstone Cr Fe Zn Al Co  3,6,7 6200 Evergreen Cr Co Si  3,5 6201 Celadon Cr Co Zn Al Si  1,3,6,8 6202 Florentine Cr Co Si  1,3,6,8 6204 Victoria Green Cr Ca Si Zr  3,5,9 6207 Celesta Cr Co Zn Si 6209 Chrome Green Cr Si 3,5 6211 Pea Green Zr V Sn  1,3,6,8 6219 French Green Cr Co Zn Ca Zr Si  1,3,5,8 6221 Turquoise Green Cr Co Zn Ca Zr Si  3,5 6223 Ivy Green Cr Al Si 3,5 6224 Dark Green Cr Co Zn Si Fe  3,5 6226 Dark Leaf Green Cr Co Zn Si Fe  1,3,6,8 6234 Myrtle Green Al Cr Co 6236 Chartreuse Zr V Sn  1,3,6 6242 Bermuda Green Pr Si V Zr  3, 6 6244 Deep Sea Green Cr Co Al Si Zn  1,3,6,8 6246 Blue Green Si Cr Co An Sn 3,6,8 6263 Victoria Zi Si Cr Ca 3,5,9 6266 Peacock Green Cr Co  1,3,6,8 6267 Emerald Ca Co Cr Si Zr 3,5,9 6271 Mint Zr Cr Co Zn Cz Si 2,5 6280 Avocado Zr V Cr Fe Co Zn Al Ca Si  3,6 6300 Mazerine Co Si Zn  1,3,6 6302 Cadet Blue Cr Co Al Si Sn Zn  1,3,6 6304 Chrome Tin Violet Cr Sn 1,3,5,9 6305 Teal Cr Co Al Si Zn  1,3,6 6306 Vivid Blue Co Al Si Zn 1,3,6 6308 Delphinium Co Al Sn  1,3,6 6313 Medium Blue Co Zn Si  1,3,6 6319 Lavender Mn Al Co Si Zn  1,3 6331 Orchid Cr Sn Co Al Si  3,5,9 6332 Orchid Cr Sn Co Al Si  3,5,9 6333 Lavender Cr Sn Co Al Si  3,5,9 6336 Peacock Cr Co Al Si Sn Zn  3,6 6339 Royal Blue Co Al Zn  1,3,6 6343 Mediterranean Al Co Cr Si An 1,3,6 6363 Sky Blue Co Al Si  1,3,6 6364 Turquoise Blue Zr V  1,3,6 6371 Dark Teal Cr Co Al  1,3,6 6373 Turquoise Blue Zr Cr Co Sn 3,6 6376 Robin's Egg Blue Zr V  1,3,6 6381 Blackberry Wine Cr Sn Co Cr Fe Ni  3,5,9 6385 Pansy Purple Cr Sn Co Ca Si  3,5,9 6386 Navy Co Cr Fe Ni Si Zn 1,3,6 6387 Mulberry Cr Sn Co 3,5,9 6389 Sapphire Al Co 1,3,5 6391 ZirconiumVanadium Blue Zr V  1,3,6 6396 Peacock Zr V Cr Co Al 1,3,6 6404 Vanadium Sn V  1,3,6 6405 Naples Fe Pr Sl Zr 3,6 6406 Buttercup Fe Pr Sl Zr 3,6 6407 Marigold Zr Sl Pre Fe 3,6 6450 Praseodymium Fe Sl Zr 3,6 6464 Zirconium Zr V  1,3,6 6471 Old Gold Al Sn V Cr Fe Zn 1,3,6 6485 Titanium Yellow Cr Ti Sb  1a, 3 6500 Sage Green Cr Co Ni Si  1,3,6 6503 Taupe Cr Fe Al Si Zr  3,5 6506 Pearl Cr Fe Co Ni Sn Si Zn  3,6 6528 Charcoal Cr Fe Co Sn Ni 3,6 6530 Silver Cr Fe Co Ni Sn  3,6 6531 Slate Grey Cr Fe Co Al Si Ni  1,3,6 6540 Blue Grey Cr Fe Co Ni Si  3,6 6573 Rose Taupe Fe Zr V Cr Sn 3,5 6600 Black Cr Fe Co Ni  1,3,6 6616 Black (Chrome free) Co Fe Mn  1,3,6 6650 Black (cobalt free) Cr Fe Mn  3,5 6666 Cobalt Free Cr Fe Mn 1,3,5,9 6700 White Zr Zl Si 3,6